Riscurile administrarii de steroizi anabolizanti la tineri
Rezultate si discutii
Efectele secundare asociate consumului de steroizi anabolizanti citate in literatura includ: efecte de ordin hormonal: oligospermie, infertilitate, alopecie, adenom sau cancer de prostata, ginecomastie, efecte osteo-articulare: inchiderea prematura a cartilajelor de crestere, afectiuni ale tendoanelor, tulburari de statica vertebrala, efecte cardio-vasculare: AVC, HTA, ATS, hipercoagulabilitate sangvina, dislipidemii, efecte hepatice: cresteri ale enzimelor, icter, tumori hepatice, tulburari de metabolizare a STH, estrogeni, cortizol, efecte cutanate: acnee, hipersecretie sebacee, efecte psihologice: agresivitate, iritabilitate, euforie, excitatie sexuala crescuta, tulburari de memorie, iesiri violente („roid rage”), fenomene depresive, astenie de sevraj si predispozitie crescuta pentru consumul de droguri (se produce hiperactivarea circuitelor corticale „hedonice”)8,2,14,16.
Cele cinci cazuri descrise anterior au prezentat predominant HTA secundara (1, 2, 3, 4), fenomene hepato-biliare (2, 3, 4), acnee (2, 3, 4), tetanie (2, 3) fenomene osteo-articulare (3, 4), dislipidemie (3, 4, 5), modificari psihologice (3, 4, 5), disfunctie sexuala (2). Cresterea ponderala a variat intre 2 si 11 kg. La pacientii la care exista certitudinea abandonarii schemelor de suplimentare cu androgeni anabolizanti (2 si 5), parametrii clinico-biologici
s-au normalizat, iar pacientii 2 si 4 se afla in urmarire pentru consolidarea efectului consilierii anti-doping si pentru monitorizarea TA, a parametrilor hepatici, renali si lipidici.
Faptul ca legislatia anti-doping se refera aproape exclusiv la zona competitionala, fara sa restrictioneze abuzul si accesul la aceste substante, limiteaza medicul la instrumentele consilierii, urmaririi clinice si biologice si a corectiei efectelor secundare post-factum.
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